Air-pump.



G. MoKERAI-IAN.

AIR PUMP.

APPLICATION FILED 1 312.23, 1910.

963,923, Patented July 12,1910.

2 BHEIBTSSHEET 1.

I [NVENTOR dyaflm THE NORRIS PETERS co., WASHINGTON, 0v 2:.

; WIT/V55 G; MOKERAHAN.

AIR PUMP. APPLICATION FILED r3323, 1910.

963, 923; Patented July 12, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

, Iii; ii

[NI/ENTOR Q By I N T S AIR-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 12, 1910.

Application filed. February 23, 1910. Serial No. 545,348.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGEMOKERAHAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Altoona, county of Blair, State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Pumps, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawing.

This invention relates to an air pump and particularly to a structureembodying the use of steam and air cylinders.

The invention has for an object to pro vide a novel and improvedconstruction of air pump in which the crank arm connection between thesteam and air cylinders is adapted to have a changing leverage by whichthe excess of power at the beginning of the stroke of the air piston isreserved and applied toward the close of such stroke when a greaterpressure is necessary owing to the compression of air in this cylinder.

The invention also presents a novel and improved construction ofreturning lever for restoring the parts to initial position when theexhaust valve of the steam cylinder is opened.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will behereinafter set forth and the novel features thereof defined by theappended claims.

In the drawingsFigure 1 is a vertical section through the return, airand steam cylinders; Fig. 2 is a bottom plan of the pump; Fig. 3 is adetail end elevation there of; Fig. 4 is a detail perspective of thelever connection from the return cylinder; Fig. 5 is a diagramillustrating the increasing pressure upon the air piston; and Fig. 6 isa detail perspective of one of the crank connections between the steamand air pistons.

Like numerals of reference refer to like parts in the several figures ofthe drawings.

The numeral 10 designates the steam or other power cylinder which isprovided with a piston 11 from which a piston rod 12 extends and isprovided at its outer end with a bearing box 13 in which an arm 14 fromthe transmitting lever 15 is pivotally mounted. This lever being alsopivoted at 16 in the lugs 17 at opposite sides of the air cylinder 18.For this purpose, the lever 15 is formed U-shaped and the arms 19thereof mounted at the pivots 16. The steam or power cylinder isprovided with an inlet and exhaust valve 20 from which a lever arm 21extends and is connected by a rod 22 with an actuating lever 23 pivotedat 24 as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and provided at its oppositeends with pins or projections 25 and 26 extending through apertures 27and 28 respectively, in the steam and air cylinders soas to be engagedand moved by the istons therein. The air or compression cy inder isprovided with a piston 29 and a valve inlet opening 30 and the dischargetherefrom passes through a valve connection 31 to an air jacket 32surrounding the steam cylinder from which the compressed air isdischarged through the pipe 33. As the air under compression is raisedto a high temperature, it prevents condensation of the steam in itscylinder. A suction or return cylinder 34 is provided and is in constantcommunication with the steam pressure through a port 35 so that thepiston 86 therein is maintained under tension in its inward movementduring the travel of the other parts.

The air piston 29 is provided with a piston rod 37 having at its outerend a bearing box 38 in which an arm 39 of the crank lever 40 ismounted. This lever 40 is pivotally mounted at 41 upon bearings 42 atopposite sides of the steam cylinder 10. The lever 40 is U-shapedsimilar to the lever 15 and one arm thereof passes between the arms ofthe lever 15. The levers 15 and 40 are connected by a link 43 pivoted at44 upon the lever 15 and at 45 upon the lever 40 and adapted to properlytransmit motion from one lever to the other in their movement.

The steam cylinder and valve shown are of a single acting type and forthe purpose of restoring the parts to their initial position, thereturning piston 36 is connected by a rod 46 with a lever 47 which ispivotally mounted upon a fixed part at 48 and provided with an angularlydisposed arm 49 having a wear plate 50 upon one face thereof as shown inFig. 4. This plate is adapted to engage a block 51 pivoted at 52 uponthe link 43 and thus transmit motion through the link to restore thesteam piston when its cylinder exhaust is open and also return the airpiston for its suction stroke. The lever 23 controlling the steam valveis provided at its pivot 24 with an actuating arm 53 which is extendedto contact with the striker arm 54 of the lever 40 so as to be actuatedthereby in the movement of the parts to insure a positive operation ofthis valve for cutting off steam at any desired point of the stroke.

In the operation of the invention, when steam or other fluid pressure isadmitted to the power cylinder, the piston thereof is forced outwardlyand through the lever connections the piston of the compression cylindertravels inward, compressing the air or other fluid which is forcedthrough the valve connection into the air jacket surrounding the powercylinder. Then this air is compressed to a high degree, it is raised tosuch a temperature as Wlll prevent the condensation of the steam in thepower cylinder and have an active regenerating ef fect thereon,especially during expansion. During this action, the returning piston isforced inward against the steam pressure, while, when the exhaust fromthe power cylinder is opened, the steam pressure in the return cylinderforces its piston outwardly to restore the parts to the initial positionshown in Fig. 1. The inlet and exhaust from the power cylinder ispositively controlled both by the pins projecting into the path of theirpistons and also the lever arm which engages one of the main pistonlevers. As shown in Fig. 5, the outward movement of the power pistonproduces an increasing leverage upon the compression piston during itsinward travel which is important for the most effectual operation as thefluid, being compressed, requires greater pressure toward the end of theinward stroke of its piston. The construction shown provides for acompact arrangement of the main levers and their connecting link andalso a favorable disposition of the pressure thereon, and the clearancenecessary for the proper movement thereof. It will be obvious, however,that the particular construction of these parts may be varied to conformto different conditions of use, as the main object of the invention isto provide a changing leverage upon the compression piston by which theexcess of power at the beginning of the stroke is reserved and usedtoward the close thereof. This permits the use of an expansion steamvalve with an early cut-off, thus materially saving in the steamconsumption.

Having described my invention and set forth its merits what I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression piston andcylinder, and an independent lever for each piston having a fixed ivotand connected to the other lever to e set a movement of the compressionpiston in a direction opposite to the travel of the power piston and tosecure an increasing leverage on the compression piston during itsinward stroke.

2. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression piston andcylinder, an independent lever for each piston having a fixed pivot andconnected to the other .lever to effect a movement of the compressionpiston in a direction opposite to the travel of the power piston and tosecure an increasing leverage on the compression piston during itsinward stroke, and a return piston and cylinder connected to one of saidlevers.

3. In an air pump, a power'piston and cylinder, a compression piston andcylinder, a lever connection between said pistons, and an air jacketsurrounding said power cylinder and connected to the discharge from saidcompression cylinder.

4.. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder, a lever connected to each piston and to the other lever totransmit motion thereto, an inlet and exhaust valve for said powercylinder, and connections from said valve disposed in the path of travelof said pistons to be actuated thereby.

5. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a lever pivotallyconnected to said power piston, a compression piston and cylinder, alever pivotally connected to said compression piston, and a linkpivotally connected to said levers to transmit motion from one totheother.

6. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a lever pivotallyconnected to said power piston, a compression piston and cylinder, alever pivotally connected to said compression piston, and a link pivotedto said levers below the connection thereto of the rods from saidpistons.

7. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a lever pivotallyconnected to said power piston, a compression piston and cylinder, alever pivotally connected to said compression piston, a link pivotallyconnected to said levers to transmit motion from one to the other, and areturn piston and cylinder connected to restore said levers to initialposition.

8. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a lever pivotallyconnected to said power piston, a compression piston and cylinder, alever pivotally connected to said compression piston, a link pivotallyconnected to said levers to transmit motion from one to the other, areturn piston and cylinder, and a lever connection therefrom adapted toengage said link.

9. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a lever pivotallyconnected to said power piston, a compression piston and cylinder, alever pivotally connected to said compression piston, a link pivotallyconnected to said levers to transmit motion from one to the other, areturn piston and cylinder, a lever connection therefrom adapted toengage said link, inlet and exhaust means for said power cylinder, alever for controlling said means, and an arm carried by said lever anddisposed for contact with the power or compression lever.

10. In an air pump, the combination of parallel cylinders, of pistonstherein having rods extended therefrom, and angular levers connected toeach of said rods and to each other to transmit motion from one pistonto the other.

11. In an air pump, the combination of parallel cylinders, of pistonstherein having rods extended therefrom, and angular levers connected tosaid rods and to each other to transmit motion from one piston to theother, said levers being pivoted respectively, each at a point oppositethe other levers piston.

12. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder, a lever pivoted at one end of said power cylinder andconnected to said compression pistion, and a lever pivoted to the pistonof said power cylinder and a connection to actuate said compressionpiston from the power cylinder.

13. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder,

a lever pivoted at one end of said power cylinder and connected to sa1dcompression piston, a lever pivoted to the piston of said power cylinderand connected to actuate the first named lever, a return piston andcylinder, and a lever connected to said return piston and pivoted at oneside of the compression piston and disposed to contact with the lever ofthe power piston to secure movement therefrom.

14. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder, oppositely disposed levers each pivoted at one end of oneof said cylinders and pivotally connected with the piston of theadjacent cylinder, and a connection between said levers.

15. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder, oppositely disposed levers each pivoted at the end of oneof said cylinders and pivotally connected with the piston of theadjacent cylinder, a connection between said levers, a return piston andcylinder, a lever connected thereto and provided with an operating arm,and means upon said first mentioned connection to engage the lever fromsaid return cylinder.

16. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder, oppositely disposed levers each pivoted at the end of oneof said cylinders and pivotally connected with the piston of theadjacent cylinder, a connection between said levers, a return piston andcylinder, a lever connected thereto and provided with an operating arm,and a slide bar pivoted upon said first mentioned connection andslidingly mounted upon an arm of the lever from the return cylinder.

17 In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression piston andcylinder, a lever connection between said pistons for simultaneousoperation therewith, a valve mechanism connected to said power cylinder,an operating lever connected thereto, and an arm extended from saidlever into the path of travel of said lever connection.

18. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand cylinder, means connecting the same for simultaneous operation, avalve mechanism connected to said power cylinder, an operating leverconnected to said valve mechanism, an arm extended from said lever andconnected for operation by said connecting means, and projections ateach end of said operating lever extending into the path of travel ofthe power and compression pistons respectively.

19. In an air pump, a power cylinder and piston, a compression pistonand cylinder each having rods extended therefrom, a lever pivoted at oneend of the compression cylinder and having an angular arm connected tothe piston of the power cylinder, a lever pivoted at one end of thepower cylinder and having an arm connected with the compression piston,a connection between said levers, a return cylinder and piston, and aconnection carried thereby and having a driving connection with theconnection between said levers.

20. In an air pump, a power cylinder and piston, a compression pistonand cylinder, each having rods extended therefrom, a lever pivoted atone end of the compression cylinder and having an angular arm connectedto the piston of the power cylinder, a lever pivoted at one end of thepower cylinder and having an arm connected with the compression piston,a connection between said levers, a return cylinder and piston, a leverarm from the connection of the return piston, and a pivoted block uponthe lever connection for the driving and compression pistons adapted totravel upon said arm.

21. In an air pump, a power piston and cylinder, a compression pistonand. cylinder, a lever pivoted at one end of said power cylinder andconnected to said compression piston, a lever pivoted at the similar endof said compression cylinder and connected to said power piston, and aconnection between said levers to transmit motion from one to the other.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE MoKERAI-IAN.

Witnesses JOSEPH C. MOKERAHAN, EDWARD SULLIVAN.

